Regulation of type V phospholipase A2 expression and function by proinflammatory stimuli

Regulation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 by phosphorylation.

Introduction Phospholipases catalyse the cleavage of membrane phospholipids and thereby generate second messengers that participate in intracellular signal transduction processes or act as precursors of tissue hormones. Cytosolic phospholipase Az (cPLA2) is an 85 kDa enzyme that cleaves arachidonic acid at the sn-2 position of the phospholipid [1,2]. The intracellular location of the enzyme ena...

Metabolic regulation by secreted phospholipase A2

Within the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) superfamily that hydrolyzes phospholipids to yield fatty acids and lysophospholipids, the secreted PLA2 (sPLA2) enzymes comprise the largest family that contains 11 isoforms in mammals. Individual sPLA2s exhibit unique distributions and specific enzymatic properties, suggesting their distinct biological roles. While sPLA2s have long been implicated in inflamma...

Lipocortins and phospholipase A2 regulation.

Cell-specific regulation of type II phospholipase A2 expression in rat mesangial cells.

IL-1 stimulates mesangial cells to synthesize specific proteins, including a non-pancreatic (Type II) phospholipase A2 (PLA2). We have studied the regulation of PLA2 by proinflammatory mediators, implicated in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, and have assessed whether the activation of second messenger systems modulates or mimics PLA2 gene expression by cytokines. IL-1 alpha and beta, TN...

Structure and function of lysosomal phospholipase A2